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This content has been automatically translated from Ukrainian.
Encapsulation is one of the fundamental principles of object-oriented programming (OOP). This principle defines how an object can maintain its state (data) and implement its methods (functions), hiding their details from the outside world.
Key Aspects of Encapsulation
Fields (class fields) - data that belong to an object or class. Encapsulation allows these fields to be hidden from direct access, providing access to them only through class methods. In other words - isolation of code.
Methods - functions that are defined in a class. Encapsulation also means that some methods can be hidden or protected from direct use, providing only limited access to them.
Access Modifiers - OOP programming languages provide access modifiers (for example, public, private, protected) that allow control over how class fields and methods are accessible to other classes. This provides a degree of isolation and data protection.
- public: open (English "public").
- private: private (English "private").
- protected: protected (English "protected").
